Jan 11, 2025 · The unfused spinous process, which is failure of fusion of the vertebral arch, is a relatively common anatomical variant and is part of the spectrum of spina bifida occulta.

Nov 1, 2024 · The sacrum consists of five fused sacral vertebral and costal segments (S1-S5) that form a central sacral body and paired sacral alae (singular ala), which arise laterally from S1. As the sacrum develops, costal elements form the parts superior, lateral and inferior to the anterior sacral foramina.

Apr 4, 2023 · Anatomical variants of the sacrum are incidental findings during radiological investigations but are clinically important for caudal epidural block. angel-wing sacrum accessory sacroiliac jo ints

Feb 4, 2025 · Posterior vertebral fusion anomalies are relatively common and should not be mistaken for fractures. They are thought to be both developmental and pathological (e.g. spondylolysis) but are typically asymptomatic and incidental, and considered as anatomical variants.. There are six types of posterior vertebral fusion anomalies (from anterior to posterior) 6:

Unfused transverse process ossification center is a smooth well corticated and normally aligned lateral part of a vertebral process that failed to fuse to the proximal part of the transverse process. It is usually an asymptomatic incidental finding and must be carefully differentiated from transverse process fracture in setting of spinal trauma 1 .

Oct 17, 2024 · unfused spinous process. deviated spinous process. bifid spinous process (when atypical for the level, e.g. C7) Transverse process. accessory transverse foramen 6. Accessory ossicles. accessory ossicle of the anterior arch of the atlas. Oppenheimer ossicle. os odontoideum. persistent ossiculum terminale. sesamoid ossicles of the nuchal ligament ...

Jun 17, 2023 · The lateral radiograph of the lower dorsal and lumbosacral spine shows unfused ring apophysis involving the visualized vertebral bodies. It is seen as a relatively radiolucent, bony density, margin along the superior and inferior endplates of …

Sacral spina bifida occulta is usually asymptomatic, but may be linked with a variety of conditions including posterior disc herniation, backache, enuresis and neurological abnormalities of the feet, and functional disorders of the lower urinary tract.

Nov 7, 2024 · The coccyx only fuses with the sacrum late in life, and this is more common in females than in males. History and etymology The word coccyx is derived from the Greek word for “cuckoo” because of its similarity to a cuckoo's beak when viewed from the side.

Feb 11, 2025 · Depending on the number of thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, and sacral segments, they can be thought of as a lumbarized S1 segment or sacralized L5 segment. There can be a varying degree of transition, from partial to complete fusion.