Dec 1, 2021 · The premise for running 3D tree spatial pattern analysis is to first parameterize structure attributes of both the crown and trunk from the LiDAR data of each focal tree, the same for its neighbors. To do so, the point cloud of a single tree …

May 12, 2023 · First, the 3D spatial morphology is represented using a multilayered axial network in space syntax. Second, the 3D spatial morphology is characterized by applying several space syntax metrics and network centrality measures on the constructed multilayered spatial network.

Here, we investigated the neural representation of 3D spatial information in the human brain using a combination of behavioral testing and fMRI multivoxel pattern analysis. There were three main results.

The main objective of this study is to conceptualize, develop, and implement a variety of indices that can be used to describe 3D spatial patterns within a landscape using a voxel-based representation of space.

Jan 23, 2018 · Three-dimensional forest visualizations from GTR-365 show the structural difference between four different forest treatments. Each illustration clearly shows different distributions of individual trees, tree clumps and openings that could result from different forest treatments like thinning from below or variable retention harvesting.

Uncover 3D spatial relationships and patterns. Analyze visibility, distance, volume, and surfaces to enhance spatial awareness. Evaluate and resolve intricate problems with heightened precision and efficiency with ArcGIS. ArcGIS is an open and interoperable system that delivers advanced 3D analysis capabilities.

May 28, 2019 · In this paper, we introduce a morphometric and statistical framework, grounded on Procrustes and Procrustes-like techniques as well as standard spatial statistics, to explicitly describe and incorporate the spatial pattern of these surface points into the analyses.

Ecologically meaningful 3D-structures like terrain shape or elevation are not taken into account and valuable information is lost. In this paper, we present two basic approaches for the integration of the third dimen-sion into analyses of landscape structure.

Aug 1, 2023 · Our study demonstrated that digitalized 3D cracks with 5 μm spatial resolution can be obtained quickly by paraffin infusion combined with a 3D laser scanner. Our result based on 18 crack cross-section profiles also demonstrates that W ∼ D do not follow either the V-shaped crack model or the cuboid-shaped crack model.

Apr 1, 2025 · Using 2D and 3D building morphology indicators, we applied self-organizing maps (SOM) to classify urban blocks. Boosted regression trees (BRT) model identified key urban morphology indicators influencing land surface temperature (LST), evaluated their contributions, and analyzed marginal effects.