Discover the 9 Oldest Copies of the Torah in the World here. Prepare to be transported into a rich & fascinating history on the oldest torah that exist.

The Torah (/ ˈ t ɔːr ə / or / ˈ t oʊ r ə /; [1] Biblical Hebrew: תּוֹרָה Tōrā, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. [2]

The Leningrad/Petrograd Codex (c. 1008-1010) is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew. The Leningrad/Petrograd codex is the manuscript upon which the Old Testament of most modern English translations of the Bible are based.

The Hellenized Greek-speaking Jews of Alexandria produced a Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible called "the Septuagint", that included books later identified as the Apocrypha, while the Samaritans produced their own edition of the Torah, the Samaritan Pentateuch.

May 30, 2013 · Italian scholar Mauro Perani recently discovered what he believes to be the oldest complete Torah scroll. The recently-dated Sefer Torah—a handwritten Torah scroll containing the full texts of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers …

Jun 7, 2018 · These texts date from the third century B.C.E. to the early second century C.E. If we look at the totality of the texts, we have texts covering large portions of the Torah and the Nach. (There are no texts at all from the book of Esther, but this may just be a fluke.)

Nov 4, 2019 · As Gary Rendsburg, Chair of Jewish History at Rutgers University, explains in the November/December 2019 issue of Biblical Archaeology Review, this Torah manuscript is the oldest complete Torah scroll sheet fully legible to the naked eye.

Feb 10, 2025 · First, Christians divided some of the original Hebrew texts into two or more parts: Samuel, Kings, and Chronicles into two parts each; Ezra-Nehemiah into two separate books; and the Minor Prophets into 12 separate books.

Torah, Prophets, and Writings, which together make up the Hebrew Bible, Judaism's foundational text. First major work of rabbinic literature, compiled around 200 CE, documenting a multiplicity of legal opinions in the oral tradition.

A finely bound first edition of the Geneva Hebrew Bible.. Torah, Nevi’im Rishonim, Nevi’im Achronim, Ktuvim. Geneva: Kafa Ilan Press, 1618. Quarto. Vocalized Hebrew text, two columns per page. Contemporary paneled leather, gilt, arabesque with fleur-de-lys to center to boards, spine with raised bands and foliate device tooled in gilt to each compartment.