Sep 14, 2024 · A cornerstone of cognitive psychology, the exemplar model unravels the enigmatic tapestry of memory and categorization, weaving together threads of similarity, instance-based learning, and selective attention.

Traditionally, memory, reasoning, and categorization have been treated as separate components of human cognition. We challenge this distinction, arguing that there is broad scope for crossover between the methods and theories developed for each task.

For example, a visual categorization task may recruit the visual cortex and the MTL to represent and memorize the individual stimuli and facilitate processing of relevant features, the prefrontal cortex to learn and represent categorization rules and strategies, and the basal ganglia, parietal lobe, and motor cortices to make decisions and ...

In this chapter, we provide a review of a process-oriented mathematical model of categorization known as the exemplar-based random-walk (EBRW) model (Nosofsky & Palmeri, 1997a). The EBRW model is a member of the class of exemplar models.

Categorization is a type of cognition involving conceptual differentiation between characteristics of conscious experience, such as objects, events, or ideas.

Sep 15, 2024 · Social categorization can lead to stereotyping, for better or worse. Understanding these processes can help us navigate complex social situations and even combat prejudice. In the world of clinical psychology, categorization is crucial for diagnosis.

The ability to form categories, or equivalence classes, of discriminable entities is a central component of human cognition: Categorization enables abstract thought and promotes expansion of knowledge to novel situations.

Nov 21, 2023 · There are different types of memory that can be categorized based on the duration of memories and the way in which people remember different types of information. For example, some memories can...

Nov 21, 2023 · Categorization in psychology means the way we sort objects into groups, known as cognitive categories, that help us organize knowledge. For example, we can quickly recognize that a cat and a...

Exemplar-based models assume that object categorization and visual memory for objects rely on the same memory representations (e.g., Hintzman, 1986; Nosofsky 1988, 1991; see also Palmeri & Tarr, 2008).