Unicode is simply a table that assigns numbers called code points to various characters. For example, the Latin letter 'A' is numbered '65,' the Arabic letter 'س' is '1587,' and the katakana 'tsu ...

There are also ligatures that combine multiple characters into a single code point. Suddenly it isn’t so clear what character equality even means — Unicode defines two kinds of equivalences ...

Code points are written in the format 'U+XXXX,' where the 'U+' indicates that it is Unicode, and the 'XXXX' that follows indicates the code point in hexadecimal notation.