Obstruction of hepatic venous outflow is mainly caused by primary intravascular thrombosis ... whereas a shunt from the portal or mesenteric vein to the suprahepatic IVC or right atrium will.

In 51 (76%) patients, diagnosis was established by means of Doppler ultrasound ... had intrahepatic thrombosis (54%) and/or in the splenic vein (42%), and/or in superior mesenteric vein (31% ...

Although the advanced stages of neoplasms have a risk of superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT), an initial clinical diagnosis of MVT is sometimes difficult and it can be treated as a cancer ...