High-performance matrix multiplication remains a cornerstone of numerical computing, underpinning a wide array of applications from scientific simulations to machine learning.

By transforming operands into a Montgomery domain, these algorithms enable efficient modular multiplication and exponentiation, which are crucial for public-key cryptosystems.

In this paper, we propose three modular multiplication algorithms that use only the IEEE 754 binary floatingpoint operations. Several previous studies have used floatingpoint operations to perform ...

GCSE OCR Designing, creating and refining algorithms - OCR Algorithm production Algorithms are step-by-step plans for solving problems. Algorithms can be designed using pseudocode and flow diagrams.