Often, designers add series resistor R9 as a tool to measure and verify stability of the feedback loop. In production, this may be replaced with a zero Ohm resistor. The open circuit protection ...

Simple Current-Loop Transmitter Converts PWM To 4-to-20-mA Output Nov. 20, 2000 Over long cable runs, an isolated 4-to-20-mA current loop offers robust noise immunity and tolerance.

Today on Hackaday Dictionary, we’re going to talk about the two basic types of control systems: open-loop and closed-loop. We’ll describe the differences between them and explore the va… ...

Figure 3 shows the recommended test circuit. Figure 3 Open loop output impedance test circuit. In this test circuit, inductor L1 creates closed loop feedback at DC while allowing for open loop AC ...