Certain tree species, such as maple, birch, dogwood and elms, have an exceptionally heavy sap flow in the early spring. When pruned or wounded, these trees will “bleed” quite noticeably. Under normal ...

We present continuous eddy covariance, sap flow transpiration and soil moisture data with discrete isotopic samples of precipitation, soil, and stems taken over 18 months at a creosotebush-dominated ...