When atoms collide, their exact structure—for example, the number of electrons they have or even the quantum spin of their ...

Quantum calculations amount to sophisticated estimates. But in 1931, Hans Bethe intuited precisely how a chain of particles ...

Scientists have developed a groundbreaking atom interferometer capable of amplifying faint signals by 1,000 times — making it ...

the quantum mechanical model of the atom and its important features, concept of atomic orbitals as one-electron wave functions, variation of 𝝋 and 𝝋2 with r for 1s and 2s orbitals ...

Physicists know from previous experiments that what happens at the nuclear scale to protons and neutrons also affects their ...

Our physics expert picks his top-five equations, plus a scheme to supply US power needs with a bucket of baseballs. Thanks, Einstein!

Manganese bismuth telluride is a perfect model for answering ... material's band structure. Quantum mechanics tells us that the electron energy levels in an isolated atom are quantized—that ...