Automatic modulation classification (AMC) is an essential technology in modern communications, enabling the identification of various signal modulation schemes without prior knowledge, thereby ...

2. QPSK Modulation and Demodulation Algorithm QPSK is the use of four different carrier phase to represent the digital information, each carrier phase by two bits. There are four combinations of two ...

A novel 1.28Tbps dense wave length division multiplexing system for free-space optical communication is proposed here. It is a line-of-sight system and uses novel coherent optical quadrature phase ...

The beam forming operation for the IPA is experimentally demonstrated by using a QPSK signal assuming real mobile data traffic, and the QPSK signal quality during the beam forming operation for the ...

The increasing generation of municipal solid wastes (MSW) posses both environmental and energy challenges. The study investigates the energy recovery potential from MSW generated in Mbeya City using ...