The explicit covert activation, therefore, documents procedural modulation that occurred under conditions of declarative learning and awareness in the prescan skill learning session.

It differs from declarative memory, or explicit memory, which consists of facts and events that can be explicitly stored and consciously recalled or "declared." Examples of procedural memory ...

Scientists distinguish between procedural memory, which is relevant for learning skills such as how to swim, and declarative memory, which stores knowledge, including facts and memories of events ...

Conclusion? Both normals and amnesics were storing sentence structure as procedural memory. Now, that, it seems to me, is downright surprising. Syntax involves abstract, relational knowledge.

Ullman and Evans say that learning math likely depends on the brain's two primary learning and memory systems -- not just procedural memory, but also declarative memory, where conscious knowledge ...