Postbiotics, derived from beneficial microbes, improve gut health by enhancing barrier function and immune responses, ...

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2010). Analysis of gene expression in cells lacking the MftG gene revealed that processes related to cell division, including DNA replication and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, were downregulated.

“The structure of PBP2a, an essential transpeptidase enzyme that cross-links bacterial peptidoglycan cell walls, shows large-scale differences from the normally antibiotic sensitive transpeptidases in ...

Gram-negative bacteria have a lipopolysaccharide-containing outer membrane encasing a thin peptidoglycan coating in their cell walls. Gram-negative bacteria are typically more resistant to certain ...

A study in mice reveals key interactions between proteins involved in fibroblast growth factor signaling and how they contribute to distinct stages of eye lens development.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a key eco-friendly biocontrol agent, targeting specific pests in agriculture, reducing ...

1 Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK 2 Wellcome Trust PhD Programme for Clinicians, Cambridge Institute ...

The human placenta is a unique organ that forms under specific physiological conditions and plays a crucial role in nutrient and metabolite exchange between the mother and fetus. Research on the ...

Cells were harvested, centrifuged (7,000 × g at 4°C for 15 min), and then washed three times with sterile phosphate-buffered saline buffer. The bacteria were resuspended in lysis buffer, placed on ice ...