And, the ability to monitor PLC logic in ladder diagram format also made troubleshooting easier for those already familiar with relay-based control systems. Although there are many higher-level ...

Fig. 2. Ladder logic uses memory locations rather than hard-wired logic. For the program shown in Fig. 2, we took the relay logic’s ladder diagram from Fig. 1 and duplicated it with ladder logic — no ...

PLC Counters and Timers provides an overview of the functions of counter and timer instructions in a ... be familiar with the different applications for counter and timer instructions and how the ...