Explore the concept of negative feedback and its role in maintaining system stability across various applications.

Fig. 2 shows the circuit diagram of the predictive failure control system for stepper motors. It is built around an Arduino Uno board (MOD1), an encoder (MOD2), a temperature sensor (S1), a current ...

Based on PID controllers, the existing control system produced unacceptable steam pressure and temperature oscillations, preventing the plant from accurately following the system operator’s ...

PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

The IEC 61131-3 standard defines five programming languages for control & automation programming: Ladder diagram (LD): A graphical language that represents electrical relay logic, functions (i.e.

The block control project now incorporates “all” solid-state components controlled by an Arduino microcontroller. I refer to this updated article as “CTC Signals 2.0.” The scope of the project ...

A proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller can be used to control temperature, pressure, flow, and other process variables. A PID controller combines proportional control with additional ...

For this unit, the PID controller board needs to output a 12-V PWM signal to control motor speed, and use an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) channel to sense the position of the actuator.

The block diagram showing the implementation of the adaptive-FF controller in FWMAV’s control system. Similarly, the adaptive velocity controller is implemented with the measured velocity from the IMU ...