The main classes of diuretics and their mechanisms are described below. Loop diuretics These are the most effective type of diuretic, leading to the excretion of up to 20% of the filtered salt ...

If loop diuretics lose effectiveness or the patient develops refractory edema, adding a thiazide diuretic may help overcome diuretic resistance through a different mechanism of action.

Mechanisms of Loop Diuretic Action and Resistance. As shown in Panel A, loop diuretics circulate bound to protein. As shown in Panel B, they are secreted into the tubule lumen by organic anion ...

Thiazide diuretics became available in the late 1950s and were the first effective oral antihypertensive agents with an acceptable side-effect profile. 1,2 A half-century later, thiazides remain ...

According to published data, diuretic use, dosing and monitoring varies in United States hemodialysis practice.“Diuretic use in hemodialysis practice is common in many regions; 45% of European ...