For example, say you have a non-nested ... This works because the two are closely related. In Java, nested classes are categorized as either static member classes or inner classes.

The static keyword often confuses junior Java developers. A static variable is one that is not attached to an instance, and a static method is one that does not require an instance to be invoked.

Some examples that fall into ... final classes that have protected fields; self-assignments of local variables; and redundant comparisons of null values. FindBugs combined with PMD provides a powerful ...