Guido W. Imbens, Donald B. Rubin, Estimating Outcome Distributions for Compliers in Instrumental Variables Models, The Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 64, No. 4, Special Issue: Evaluation of Training ...

Kazuhiko Hayakawa, A Simple Efficient Instrumental Variable Estimator for Panel AR(p) Models When Both N and T Are Large, Econometric Theory, Vol. 25, No. 3 (Jun., 2009), pp. 873-890 Free online ...

RESULTS: Among 6,232 elderly patients, the instrumental variable estimate indicated an increase in median survival of 33 days and an improvement in 1-year survival of 9% attributable to chemotherapy.