Python is best thought of as a dynamic but strongly typed language. Types aren’t associated with the names of things but with the things themselves. This makes Python flexible and convenient for ...

whatever is a dummy variable ... define, followed by the name for the function, a set of parentheses, and a colon. The actual code is then written on the lines below. The parentheses contain what are ...

Testing functions isn't hard, but how do you test user input ... you define your test function with a parameter named monkeypatch. The pytest system notices that you've defined it with that parameter, ...