You can use threshold values other than 0.5 to tune a logistic regression model. Note that the internet is littered with incorrect graphs of logistic regression where data points are shown both above ...

Logistic regression can handle categorical predictor variables, too. Similarly, the values to predict "red", "blue" were stored as strings. You can use numeric 0 and 1 if you wish. Logistic regression ...

In addition to predicting the value of a variable (e.g., a patient will survive), logistic regression can also predict the associated probability (e.g., the patient has a 75% chance of survival).

The LOGISTIC and PROBIT procedures can perform logistic and ordinal logistic regression. See Chapter 5, "Introduction to Categorical Data Analysis Procedures," Chapter 39, "The LOGISTIC Procedure," ...