Adding two 1N914 diodes and an AND gate ahead of the inverter create a two-input NAND gate. With the two diodes reversed and a 910 Ohm resistor removed, a NOR gate is created.

You’ve seen CMOS logic, you’ve seen diode-resistor logic, ... Inside each optoisolator is a LED and a phototransistor. ... There are about 20 universal logic gates if you can deal with a two.

Diodes, logic gates and sensors can be built from metal nanoparticles coated with charged organic ligands. Nanoparticles have been used extensively as an electrode material 7,8, but are generally ...