Cryptographic algorithms lie at the heart of modern information security, and substitution box (S‐box) design is a critical component in achieving robust encryption.

One example of the substitution bias is the bat-and-ball problem: ... (2018) have referred to as Rationalist Fever Dreams, so the use of algorithms and calculative methods seems reasonable to them.

A health care algorithm makes black patients substantially less likely than their white counterparts to receive important medical treatment. The major flaw affects millions of patients, and was ...

Cryptography is the art of keeping information secret and safe by transforming it into form that unintended recipients cannot understand. It makes secure data transmission over the internet possible.

For example, in November another team at MIT (with many of the same researchers) published a study demonstrating how Google’s InceptionV3 image classifier could be duped into thinking that a 3-D ...

Emotional AI Is No Substitute for Empathy. ... an algorithm that classifies emotions such as anger from audio samples in less than 1.2 seconds. ... For example, a 2019 UNESCO report ...

Belarus President Aleksandr Lukashenko used the example of McDonald’s withdrawal to discuss import substitution efforts at a meeting with top officials of the Council of Ministers on 18 January ...

OpenAI's latest algorithm lets AI learn from its mistakes by re-framing past failures. This method helps AI to learn faster and do so better.