"After classical algorithms reach their 'best' solution, our quantum algorithm could find even lower energy states—potentially transforming computational approaches in materials science ...

Domingo Martin has published a site ' Sha256 Algorithm Explained ' that gives a good understanding of the calculation process for generating hashes with SHA-256 , which is especially used in SHA-2.

As it currently stands, the vast majority of the AI advancements and applications you hear about refer to a category of algorithms known as machine learning (see "What is machine learning?").