Through a field called geometric topology, mathematicians like me study all possible spaces in all dimensions. Whether trying ...

Using a new technique known as 4D printing, researchers can print out dynamic 3D structures capable of changing their shapes over time. Today's 3D printing creates items from a wide variety of ...

The shape contains information about a molecule's 3D position in space and how it behaves over time within the camera's field of view. A phase mask turns what seems like an inconvenience, the ...

This approach transcends the limitations of the static structures produced by 3D printing by adding a fourth dimension: time. Similar to the pinecone that closes its scales when wet, 4D materials are ...

KS1 Maths 2D and 3D shapes learning resources for adults, children, parents and teachers.

This KS2 maths article explains how to sort 2D and 3D shapes according to their properties using Carroll diagrams and Venn diagrams, ...

Wherein most 3D printers are designed to create objects that have to remain rigid in structure and shape, 4D printing, as it is called, allows the 3D printed objects to change their shape and ...

The method is a form of what the scientific community calls 4D printing, in which a 3D printed structure changes shape after a print. The fourth dimension here being time.

New 4D bioprinting lets tissues change shape and grow stronger, bringing science closer to real, working lab-grown organs. (CREDIT: Adobe Stock) During the early stages of life, organs do not just ...

New hydrogel-based materials that can change shape in response to physiological stimuli, such as water, could be the next generation of materials used to bioengineer tissues and organs, according ...