Michael Argyle, a psychologist, attempted the first experiment meant to measure anti-conformity in 1957. He had volunteers come in, and pair up, in order to engage in a little art critique.

Conformity is dangerous, Sunstein argues; dissent provides a virtuous and necessary counterbalance. But the book doesn't grapple with the way that anti-conformity can become a rallying cry for its ...

Cultural traits—the information, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and practices that shape the character of a population—are ...

Anti-conformity created a starkly different pattern: a U-shaped distribution, with individuals clustering at the extremes and leaving the middle sparsely populated.

Cultural traits -- the information, beliefs, behaviors, customs, and practices that shape the character of a population -- are influenced by conformity, the tendency to align with others, or anti ...

For example, anti-maskers are much more likely to be conservatives (Padilla, 2020) who typically score higher than liberals on measures of group-centrism and authoritarianism (Jost et al., 2003 ...