By isolating the astatine ions, and checking which wavelength of laser had created them, the researchers determined astatine's ionization potential to be 9.31751 electronvolts (the ionization ...

The ionization energy was about 9.31752 electronvolts. The electron affinity is about 2.41579 electronvolts. Together, those two numbers form a complete picture of how the heavy, rare element ...

The periodic table’s arrangement also allows scientists to discern trends in element properties, including electronegativity, ionization energy, and atomic radius. Many scientists worked on the ...

In selecting neutron-deficient isotopes of actinium, researchers resolved many problems for high-resolution resonance ionization spectroscopy of the heavy elements, including limited data on the ...