Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), a well-known morphogen, is recognized for its role in regulating growth and ...

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, with lung cancer being particularly lethal. Despite advancements in diagnostics and therapies, the five-year survival rates for advanced tumors have ...

Despite the high incidence of brain metastasis after resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines do not recommend central nervous system (CNS) ...

A collaborative research team from The University of Hong Kong (HKU) and West China Hospital of Sichuan University has made a ...

Among other functions, the NK cells (natural killers, a type of lymphocyte forming part of the immune system) have the capacity to detect and eliminate cancer cells. But in some cases they cannot ...

Among these factors, the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β family is important in both lineage selection and progression of differentiation of most, if not all, cell and tissue types.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, remains one of the most ...