Functional programming is sometimes defined in opposition to object-oriented programming (OOP) and procedural programming ... but it doesn’t describe the concept, which is confusing.

This article is not meant to teach functional programming in a particular language but to provide developers with a general understanding of the underlying concepts they can apply ... This contrasts ...

Regardless of whether a given programming language is object-oriented or procedural, these fundamental concepts still apply. However, one major difference hinges on how developers use curly braces in ...