A notable example of a large ecosystem of negative production externality is the Flint water crisis in 2019. The British economist A. C. Pigou was the first to call out production externalities as ...

In economics, an externality is a side effect of a business deal that affects a third party outside of the deal. The externality may have a positive or a negative effect on that party.

For example, James' final five seasons in Cleveland produced ratings that were between 45% and 215% ahead of Fox Sports Ohio's norm for the 2013-14 season. IMPACT ON FUTURE LOCAL MEDIA RIGHTS DEAL ...

Consider again the example of pollution. Social costs grow with the level of pollution, which increases as production increases, so goods with negative externalities are overproduced when only private ...