Under open-circuit conditions at the thermocouple, U1 automatically gets configured into a unity gain buffer. Hence, an increase of few volts appears at the output of the U1, which is now a unity ...

Short circuit faults are called shunt faults. An open-circuit condition is known as a series fault. Any phase/circuit to ground condition is called a ground fault. Among all faults, a balanced 3-phase ...

If the device does not see current for 30 minutes, an alarm is sent indicating a potential open-circuit condition. The principle behind this method is a vented lead-acid (VLA) battery naturally loses ...

To evaluate the outdoor performance and stability of perovskite solar cells using contactless and noninvasive methods, an Australian and Chinese research team found a way to use photoluminescence ...