Null Hypothesis (H₀): All production lines have equal average production volumes. Alternative Hypothesis (H₁): At least one production line has a different average production volume. Output ...

The alternative hypothesis is effectively the opposite of a null hypothesis. Thus, they are mutually exclusive , and only one can be true. However, one of the two hypotheses will always be true.

The null hypothesis states that the portfolio’s returns are equivalent to the S&P 500’s returns over a specified period, while the alternative hypothesis states that the portfolio’s returns ...