Disease of the cardiac valves and other cardiac structures frequently results in abnormal, turbulent blood flow within the heart, causing murmurs. Careful auscultation of heart murmurs is an ...

This radiation of the aortic stenosis murmur to the apex is known as "Gallavardin dissociation." It requires dynamic auscultation or echocardiography to determine if coexisting mitral ...

The presence of other murmurs may assist in the differential diagnosis and indicate congenital heart disease. Next, auscultate the breath sounds. Listen for symmetry of breath sounds, comparing ...

Murmurs can be harmless (known as innocent ... while the bell is used to listen to low-frequency sounds. Auscultation is a medical term for listening to sounds from certain organs, typically ...