She also appeared to argue that students shy away from counter-arguments on their beliefs, comparing them to Mao's violent movement centering around eradicating the 'Four Olds' - Old Ideas ...

Similarly, Mao’s CCRG mobilized millions through slogans like “Smash the Four Olds” and “Down with the capitalist roaders inside the party,” targeting intellectuals, officials and ...

Mao called for a war against the four olds: old thinking, old culture, old customs, old habits. It’s estimated that millions of people died in the Cultural Revolution. The Chinese government ...