Standard transformer architecture consists of three main components - the encoder, the decoder and the attention mechanism. The encoder processes input data ...

while the decoder upsamples to reconstruct it, maintaining consistency with UNet’s proven advantages. At intermediate stages within the encoder, transformer layers leverage the Swin shift mechanism.

It is a 16-state double-binary turbo encoder. On the receiver side, the turbo decoder engine is built using two functioning soft-in/soft-out modules (SISO). The outputs of one SISO, after applying the ...