John Dalton revolutionized science in 1803 when he hypothesized that atoms of different chemical elements, such as hydrogen and oxygen, had different characteristic masses. J.J. Thomson discovered ...

Photo: Niels Bohr's research notes for his new atomic theory Rutherford's find came ... The shells in which electrons orbit have different quantum numbers and hold only certain numbers of ...

and the apparently widely different assumptions which have been introduced in various recent attempts to develop a theory of atomic constitution capable of accounting for other physical and ...

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While the coexistence of different shapes in the atomic nucleus has been known for ... Shape coexistence presents a significant challenge for nuclear theory to accurately describe complex quantum ...