A small region of the brain, known as the ventral tegmental area (VTA), plays a key role in how we process rewards. It produces dopamine, a neuromodulator that helps predict future rewards based on ...

Will algorithms designed for interconnected computers hold up if some of the machines are not here on Earth but flying about ...

Public-key algorithms are important too ... attacked or shown to have weaknesses in their algorithm. A similar process was used to create the standards we currently use for encryption.

Organizations must look beyond operating system protections to develop holistic strategies addressing their entire digital ...

Scientists have developed an exact approach to a key quantum error correction problem once believed to be unsolvable, and have shown that what appeared to be hardware-related errors may in fact be due ...

This algorithm uses a quantum key image ... with the quantum key image to complete the encryption process. Preparation of Quantum Key Map: The quantum key map is prepared using the advanced ...

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are problem-solving methods (or heuristics) that mimic the process of natural evolution. Unlike artificial neural networks (ANNs), designed to function like neurons in the ...