Trees compete for space as they grow. A tree with branches close to a wall will develop differently from one growing on open ...

The AI tree models’ weakness is that they lack training data that describes real-world 3D tree geometry. “In our methods, we needed to generate the data. So our AI models are not simulating nature.

Their model includes the possibility for the phenotype of the new species to change. The Yule tree is a graph with one edge coming in and two edges coming out of each branch-point. The branches ...